Oroclinal buckling and associated lithospheric-scale material flow – insights from physical modelling: Implication for the Mongol-Hingan orocline

We present a new analogue model of oroclinal buckling, which is based on recent advances in our geological understanding the Mongolian orocline Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The simulates an amplification preexisting, gently arcuated accretionary system. In models, we established three neighboring subdomains that represent contrasting lithospheric domains separated by steep “subduction” interface. shortening parallel to pseudo-linear interface between these and produces two different deformation patterns amplified interlimb areas orocline. used modelling techniques investigate both flow ductile lithosphere brittle upper crust associated with development results show that: (1) types regional-scale folds develop are upright. largest steeply plunging oroclines smaller have sub-horizontal axes; (2) overall distribution displays significant thickening/thinning exhumation lower layers variations upward transfer crustal material; (3) hinge regions adjacent studied consist materials, one contains oceanic other felsic rocks. It found geometry beneath very different; (4) non-cylindrical exhibits increasing plunge fold axes when traced from upper-crust deeper layers. resulting geophysically constrain deep structures surface Mongolia.